a. Interrogative Sentences

Definition: Interrogative sentences are used to ask questions. They seek information or clarification and typically end with a question mark ("?"). These sentences often begin with a helping verb (auxiliary verb) or a question word such as "who," "what," "where," "when," "why," or "how."

Structure:

• Yes/No Questions: These questions can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." They usually start with an auxiliary verb or a modal verb.

  • Example: Is she a teacher?

  • Transformation: She is a teacher. ➜ Is she a teacher?

• Wh- Questions: These questions begin with a question word and require more detailed information in the answer.

  • Example: Where is the school?

  • Transformation: The school is here. ➜ Where is the school?

Examples:

1. She is reading a book. ➜ Is she reading a book?

2. They are coming to the party. ➜ Are they coming to the party?

3. He knows the answer. ➜ Does he know the answer?

   
   

Key Tips for Forming Interrogative Sentences:

• If the sentence contains a form of "to be" (is, are, was, were), start the question with that verb.

• If the sentence does not contain "to be," use the appropriate auxiliary verb (do, does, did).

• For modal verbs (can, will, must), start the question with the modal verb.

b. Exclamatory Sentences

Definition: Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions or feelings, such as excitement, surprise, anger, or joy. These sentences convey a heightened emotional response and often begin with words like "what" or "how." They end with an exclamation mark ("!").

Structure: Exclamatory sentences typically start with "what" or "how" followed by a subject and a verb, though the sentence structure can vary depending on the emphasis.

Transformation Examples:

• She is a wonderful teacher. ➜ What a wonderful teacher she is!

• It was an amazing performance. ➜ What an amazing performance it was!

• She sings beautifully. ➜ How beautifully she sings!

Examples:

1. He is such a kind man. ➜ What a kind man he is!

2. The view is breathtaking. ➜ What a breathtaking view it is!

3. She dances gracefully. ➜ How gracefully she dances!

   
   

Key Tips for Forming Exclamatory Sentences:

• Use "What" for exclaiming about a noun or noun phrase.

  • What a beautiful day!

• Use "How" for exclaiming about a verb or adjective.

  • How wonderful it is to see you!

c. Imperative Sentences

Definition: Imperative sentences are used to give commands, requests, instructions, or advice. They often imply a sense of urgency or necessity. The subject of an imperative sentence is usually the implied "you," meaning the person being addressed.

Structure: Imperative sentences typically begin with the base form of a verb, and they can end with a period (.) or an exclamation mark (!) depending on the tone.

Transformation Example:

• Close the door. ➜ You are requested to close the door.

• Please sit down. ➜ You are requested to sit down.

• Do your homework. ➜ You should do your homework.

Examples:

1. Open the window. ➜ Please open the window.

2. Don't speak loudly. ➜ You are advised not to speak loudly.

3. Finish your meal. ➜ You must finish your meal.

Key Tips for Forming Imperative Sentences:

• Start the sentence with the verb, e.g., "Open," "Finish," "Sit," "Do."

• For polite requests, add "Please" at the beginning or end of the sentence.

• For strong commands, an exclamation mark can be used to add emphasis.

  • Stop talking!

Summary:

• Interrogative Sentences ask questions and often start with a helping verb or a question word.

• Exclamatory Sentences express strong emotions and start with "what" or "how."

• Imperative Sentences give commands, requests, or instructions, often starting with the verb.